The International Journal of Molecular Medicine and Advance Sciences (IJMMAS) is committed to preserving the accuracy, integrity, and reliability of the scholarly record. When significant errors or ethical concerns are identified in published articles, the journal will take appropriate corrective action in a timely, transparent, and fair manner.

IJMMAS follows the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) when considering corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions.

Corrections

A correction (Erratum or Corrigendum) may be published when a significant error is identified in a published article that affects the accuracy, clarity, or integrity of the publication but does not invalidate the overall findings of the research.

Examples include:

• Errors in author names or affiliations.
• Incorrect figures or tables.
• Typographical or formatting errors affecting interpretation.
• Incorrect references or citations.
• Minor data presentation errors.
• Omission of acknowledgements, funding information, or conflict of interest disclosures.

All corrections will be clearly linked to the original article to maintain transparency.

Retractions

A published article may be retracted if there is clear evidence that:

• The findings are unreliable due to data fabrication, falsification, or serious methodological errors.
• The article contains plagiarism or duplicate publication.
• Ethical approval or informed consent requirements were not met.
• Research or publication misconduct has occurred.
• The article infringes copyright or contains unlawful content.
• The conclusions are seriously compromised and cannot be corrected through a published correction.

Retracted articles will remain part of the scholarly record but will be clearly identified as Retracted to preserve transparency and maintain the integrity of the scientific literature.

Expressions of Concern

Where a serious allegation has been raised but the investigation has not yet been completed, the Editor-in-Chief may publish an Expression of Concern to inform readers while the matter is under investigation.

The Expression of Concern may be updated, removed, or replaced by a correction or retraction once the investigation has been concluded.

Investigation Process

All requests for corrections or allegations requiring retraction will be carefully evaluated by the Editorial Office. Authors may be asked to provide original data, supporting documentation, ethical approvals, or additional information to assist the investigation.

Where appropriate, the journal may communicate with the authors' institutions, funding agencies, or other relevant organizations during the investigation.

Editorial Decision

The final decision regarding corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions rests with the Editor-in-Chief, following careful evaluation of the available evidence and in accordance with the ethical recommendations of COPE and ICMJE.

Transparency and Integrity

Corrections, retractions, and expressions of concern will be published promptly, permanently linked to the original article, and made freely accessible to readers. The journal is committed to maintaining a transparent publication record while protecting the integrity and reliability of the scientific literature.

Policy Compliance

By submitting a manuscript to IJMMAS, authors acknowledge that the journal reserves the right to publish corrections, expressions of concern, or retractions whenever necessary to protect the integrity of the scholarly record and to uphold internationally accepted standards of publication ethics.